Many large SOA deployments faced two major challenges: how to promote service reuse and how to manage the complexity of a heterogeneous, distributed SOA that includes Java, .NET, and various legacy and packaged applications deployed across the enterprise. The solution was to implement service virtualization to make services portable and protocol independent. This session covered the different architectural components of service virtualization – mediation, deployment, governance, and service management – and the standards that made service virtualization possible.